diff --git a/backend/tests/tools/bwipp_dump.ps.tar.xz b/backend/tests/tools/bwipp_dump.ps.tar.xz
index d8202c3a..9a661f3c 100644
Binary files a/backend/tests/tools/bwipp_dump.ps.tar.xz and b/backend/tests/tools/bwipp_dump.ps.tar.xz differ
diff --git a/docs/manual.html b/docs/manual.html
index 5f7447d3..bf669079 100644
--- a/docs/manual.html
+++ b/docs/manual.html
@@ -9469,10 +9469,14 @@ non-ASCII data.</p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>--gs1</code></dt>
 <dd>
-<p>Treat input as GS1 compatible data. Application Identifiers (AIs)
-should be placed in square brackets <code>"[]"</code> (but see
-<code>--gs1parens</code>). Also accepts GS1 Digital Link URIs
-(unverified) for matrix symbologies.</p>
+<p>Treat input as GS1 compatible data. A number of input formats are
+available. Application Identifiers (AIs) may be placed in square
+brackets <code>"[]"</code>. Alternatively the GS1 Syntax Engine
+“Unbracketed AI” format may be used, which starts with a caret
+(<code>^</code>) and uses carets to indicate required
+<code>FNC1</code>s. For matrix symbologies, GS1 Digital Link URIs
+(unverified) may be given. Further input options are available with
+<code>--gs1parens</code> and <code>--gs1raw</code>.</p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>--gs1nocheck</code></dt>
 <dd>
diff --git a/docs/manual.txt b/docs/manual.txt
index 48f41f83..329d0619 100644
--- a/docs/manual.txt
+++ b/docs/manual.txt
@@ -5495,9 +5495,12 @@ OPTIONS
 
 --gs1
 
-    Treat input as GS1 compatible data. Application Identifiers (AIs) should be
-    placed in square brackets "[]" (but see --gs1parens). Also accepts GS1
-    Digital Link URIs (unverified) for matrix symbologies.
+    Treat input as GS1 compatible data. A number of input formats are available.
+    Application Identifiers (AIs) may be placed in square brackets "[]".
+    Alternatively the GS1 Syntax Engine “Unbracketed AI” format may be used,
+    which starts with a caret (^) and uses carets to indicate required FNC1s.
+    For matrix symbologies, GS1 Digital Link URIs (unverified) may be given.
+    Further input options are available with --gs1parens and --gs1raw.
 
 --gs1nocheck
 
diff --git a/docs/zint.1 b/docs/zint.1
index 0ad2ba31..753ccd58 100644
--- a/docs/zint.1
+++ b/docs/zint.1
@@ -245,9 +245,15 @@ non\-ASCII data.
 .TP
 \f[CR]\-\-gs1\f[R]
 Treat input as GS1 compatible data.
-Application Identifiers (AIs) should be placed in square brackets
-\f[CR]\(dq[]\(dq\f[R] (but see \f[CR]\-\-gs1parens\f[R]).
-Also accepts GS1 Digital Link URIs (unverified) for matrix symbologies.
+A number of input formats are available.
+Application Identifiers (AIs) may be placed in square brackets
+\f[CR]\(dq[]\(dq\f[R].
+Alternatively the GS1 Syntax Engine \(lqUnbracketed AI\(rq format may be
+used, which starts with a caret (\f[CR]\(ha\f[R]) and uses carets to
+indicate required \f[CR]FNC1\f[R]s.
+For matrix symbologies, GS1 Digital Link URIs (unverified) may be given.
+Further input options are available with \f[CR]\-\-gs1parens\f[R] and
+\f[CR]\-\-gs1raw\f[R].
 .TP
 \f[CR]\-\-gs1nocheck\f[R]
 Treat input as GS1 compatible data (as \f[CR]\-\-gs1\f[R]) but do not
diff --git a/docs/zint.1.pmd b/docs/zint.1.pmd
index be987f09..87d4bf11 100644
--- a/docs/zint.1.pmd
+++ b/docs/zint.1.pmd
@@ -218,8 +218,10 @@ Paintbrush (`PCX`), Portable Network Format (`PNG`), Scalable Vector Graphic (`S
 
 `--gs1`
 
-:   Treat input as GS1 compatible data. Application Identifiers (AIs) should be placed in square brackets `"[]"` (but
-    see `--gs1parens`). Also accepts GS1 Digital Link URIs (unverified) for matrix symbologies.
+:   Treat input as GS1 compatible data. A number of input formats are available. Application Identifiers (AIs) may be
+    placed in square brackets `"[]"`. Alternatively the GS1 Syntax Engine "Unbracketed AI" format may be used, which
+    starts with a caret (`^`) and uses carets to indicate required `FNC1`s. For matrix symbologies, GS1 Digital Link
+    URIs (unverified) may be given. Further input options are available with `--gs1parens` and `--gs1raw`.
 
 `--gs1nocheck`
 
diff --git a/frontend/main.c b/frontend/main.c
index 815c5292..73cb7d54 100644
--- a/frontend/main.c
+++ b/frontend/main.c
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ static void usage(const int no_png, const int have_gs1syntaxengine) {
            "  -d, --data=DATA       Set the symbol data content (segment 0)\n", stdout);
     fputs( "  --direct              Send output to stdout\n"
            "  --dmb256=INTEGER      Start Data Matrix in Base 256 for given length (0 all)\n"
-           "  --dmc40=INTERGER      Start Data Matrix in C40 mode for given length (0 all)\n"
+           "  --dmc40=INTEGER       Start Data Matrix in C40 mode for given length (0 all)\n"
            "  --dmiso144            Use ISO format for 144x144 Data Matrix symbols\n"
            "  --dmre                Allow Data Matrix Rectangular Extended\n", stdout);
     fputs( "  --dotsize=NUMBER      Set radius of dots in dotty mode\n"